Congenital heart defects: Conditions like ventricular septal defect (VSD) and tetralogy of Fallot. Neural tube defects: Such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Cleft lip and palate: A split or opening in the upper lip and/or the roof of the mouth. Down syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. Clubfoot: A condition in which a newborn's foot or feet appear to be rotated internally at the ankle.
